Sapphire is the birthstone for September. The gemstone was popular in the Middle Ages and remains so today.
In folklore, sapphire can protect people from harm as well as envy. During medieval times, a clergyman would wear a sapphire gemstone, as it was seen as a symbol of heaven. Common people believed that sapphires offered blessings from heaven.
A blue sapphire can come in a variety of shades, from light to dark greenish blue or violet-blue. The gemstone can also come in different shades of pure blue. The valued sapphire colours are medium blue to medium dark blue, or a slight violet-blue.
Sapphire is one of the gem varieties of the mineral corundum, where ruby is defined as the red variety. The sapphire gemstone can be found in all the colours of the rainbow. These include pink or purple sapphire, green or orange sapphire, and even yellow sapphire.
Source: http://www.americangemsociety.org/september-birthstone
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